Build a Line Follower Robot

Learning objectives

Understand IR reflectance sensors, digital input signals, motor control and basic feedback loops.

Typical components

Two-motor chassis, motor driver, controller board, IR line sensors, wheels and a properly rated battery pack.

Build outline

1. Fix motors and wheels to the chassis.
2. Mount IR sensors near the floor, facing downward.
3. Wire sensors and motors to the controller via the motor driver.
4. Upload suitable steering logic for the motor-driver pins in your build.
5. Test the robot on a high-contrast track and adjust sensor thresholds.

Use manufacturer wiring diagrams for the exact boards you purchase, and never power motors directly from a microcontroller I/O pin.